The 4d1ye
Telescope data James webb pamusoro pekutenderera kwemapoka enyeredzi kwakasimbisa dzidziso inoenda nemazita e dema gomba cosmology. Masayendisiti kubva NASA vari kufungidzira kuti nyeredzi yedu chikamu che a muchadenga mukati megomba dema uye kuti, naizvozvo, panogona kuva nemarudzi akawanda. Nzwisisa izvozvi. 5ef6v
Kufungidzira kwechadenga mugomba dema 6b4539
Mafungiro ekuti chadenga chedu chinogona kunge chiri mukati a Black Hole ndeimwe yemafungiro anonyanya kufadza mucosmology yemazuva ano. Dzidziso iyi, inonziwo Schwarzschild cosmology, inokarakadza kuti chatinoona sechadenga chingangova chikamu chiduku chechinhu chikuru zvikuru.
Kuti tinzwisise pfungwa iyi, zvinobatsira kufungidzira a Black Hole sezvinoita cosmic drain. Chinhu chipi nechipi chinodarika chiitiko chayo chinopinzwa mukati uye hachigoni kutiza. Pfungwa yepakati yeiyi hypothesis ndeyekuti, mukati mehumwe hwegomba dema, panogona kunge paine yakakwana nzvimbo-nguva yekuumba chisikwa chakazara - mune iyi kesi, yedu.
Os makomba matema inoumbwa apo nyeredzi huru dzinowira pasi pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi padzo pachadzo, zvichigadzira matunhu ane densi isingaverengeki. Zvinoenderana nefungidziro iyi, kudonha uku hakungoburitse humwe chete, asi kunopawo kuti pave nechadenga chitsva mukati memhepo. Black Hole. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chadenga chedu chinogona kunge chakabva kune a Black Hole muchadenga chikuru uye chisingazivikanwi.
Tinogona kuenzanisira pfungwa iyi tichishandisa zvidhori zveRussia (matryoshkas), apo chimwe chidhori chine chimwe mukati. Nenzira yakafanana, chisiko chedu chapose pose chingava mugomba dema, uye mukati mechadenga chedu timene, maburi matema anogona kuva nezvimwe chisiko chapose pose mukutenderera kunopfuurira kwezvinoitika zvakabatana.
James Webb akawana chii? 3j6e2v
Yakatangwa muna 2022, iyo Teresikopu yaJames Webb akaongorora kutenderera kwemakwara enzou 263 kuti aone kana ose akanga aine divi rimwe chete rokutenderera (newachi kana kuti newachi). Masayendisiti pa NASA, saka, vakawana chiwanwa chinofadza: kutaura idi, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemapoka enyeredzi akaongororwa zvinotenderera newachi, nepo imwe yechitatu ichitenderera neawa. Dzidziso huru ndeyokuti muchadenga chaive isotropic zvechokwadi, ndiko kuti, zvakafanana kumativi ose.
Ongororo chikamu chepurojekiti JADES (James Webb Space Telescope Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey) Maererano nemusayendisiti Lior Shamiri, kubva kuKansas State University, miuyo yacho iri pachena zvokuti kunyange munhu ane ruzivo rushoma angadai akanzwisisa kufamba kwemapoka enyeredzi uku.
Zvinofadza kuziva kuti izvi zvinovhura musuwo wedzidziso mbiri dzinobvira pamusoro pekusikwa kwechisiko chapose pose chatinogara, pamwe chete nokupa pfungwa yokuvapo kunobvira kwokusiyana-siyana. Zvinotisvitsa kunyaya inotevera.
Zvinorehwa nesainzi uye uzivi 86p5y
Imwe yepakati pfungwa dze dema gomba cosmology ndeyokuti chiitiko chayo chinoshanda sechipinganidzo, kunze kwekuti hapana chinogona kupukunyuka. Izvi zvakaita kuti mamwe masayendisiti ataure kuti a Black Hole Inogona kunge iri portal kune chimwe chokwadi kana zvakasikwa mukugadzira. Iyi hypothesis ine hukama ne dzidziso dzakasiyana siyana, izvo zvinoratidza kuti chadenga chedu chingangove chimwe chete pakati pezvizhinji.
Mukuwedzera, makomba matema zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise kushanduka kwe cosmic. Pakati pemakwara enzou mazhinji, kusanganisira Gwara renzou, pane gomba dema gurusa ringave rakaita basa rinokosha mukuumbwa nekurongeka kwenyeredzi nemapuraneti akaripoteredza.
Iyo physics ye makomba matemas zvakare yakabatana zvakanyanya kune Dzidziso yaEinstein ye general relativity and to quantum mechanics. Kubatanidzwa kwenzvimbo mbiri idzi kunogona kutungamirira kune zvitsva zvitsva pamusoro pe quantum gravity uye chimiro chechadenga. Chidzidzo cheradiation kubva Hawking, somuenzaniso, rinokarakadza izvozvo makomba matema haana zvachose "dema" uye anogona, nekufamba kwenguva, kubuda.
Kuwanwa kwakadaro pamusoro pokufamba kwemapoka enyeredzi kunoratidzawo kuti dzidziso pamusoro pechadenga dzingave dzisina kukwana uye kuti zvakawanda zvinofanira kuwanwa tisati tawana mutongo.
Imwe tsananguro inobvira yekuwedzera kwechadenga chedu mukati meichi chinyorwa Doppler effect. Mhedzisiro iyi, inozivikanwa zvikuru mufizikisi, inotsanangura machinjiro anoita ruzha kana kuti mwenje kana sosi ichisvika kure kana kubva kune anoona.
Muenzaniso wekare kurira kweamburenzi: kana yasvika, ruzha rwakakwira kumusoro, uye painosimuka, ruzha rwunodzika pasi. Izvi zvakafanana zvinogona kuonekwa muchiedza chinobva kumapoka enyeredzi ari kure. Iyo inonzi "red shift" (redshift) inoratidza kuti mapoka enyeredzi ari kusimuka kubva kwatiri, zvichiratidza kuti chadenga chiri kuwedzera. Kana tikashandisa pfungwa iyi kune hypothesis ye muchadenga kupinda mugomba dema, tinogona kufungidzira kuti chinhu chimwe chete icho chadenga chakaberekwa chakanga chiri mukudzvinyirirwa kukuru uye, pashure pokuputsika, kwakavamba kukura, kuchigadzira chimiro chatinocherekedza nhasi.
Mhedziso 214z6
Pasinei nokuti dzidziso iyi yakasimbiswa here kana kuti kwete, kushanda kwayo pasayenzi hakurambiki. Zvinotimanikidza kubvunza zvatinoziva nezvekwakabva uye magumo ezvakasikwa, uye zvinovhura nzira yekutsvaga kutsva muhukama huripo. makomba vatema uye chimiro chenguva-yenguva.
Sainzi ichine rwendo rurefu rwekufamba kuburitsa zvakavanzika zvemuchadenga, asi kuwanikwa kwega kwega kunotiswededza pedyo nemhinduro dzakasimba. Kana denga riri mune chimwe chete Black Hole, kunzwisisa uku kunogona kutsanangurazve nzvimbo yedu muchadenga uye kuchinja fizikisi sezvatinoiziva.
Parizvino, fungidziro iyi inoramba iri mukana unonakidza, uchitiyeuchidza kuti, kunyangwe nehunyanzvi hwese uye ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa rwatinarwo kwemazana emakore, zvakasikwa zvichine zvakavanzika zvinopikisa fungidziro yedu uye kuda kuziva.
Zvingave zvinofadza kudai chadenga chedu chaive neakisi yatinoda. Axis yakadaro ingagona kutsanangurwa nenzira yomuzvarirwo nedzidziso yokuti chadenga chedu chakaberekwa kune rumwe rutivi rwemuono wechiitiko chegomba dema riri mune chimwe chisiko chavabereki.
Nyanzvi yefizikisi yechiPolish Nikodem Poplawski weYunivhesiti yeNew Haven.
Mubvunzo mukuru wakavhurika ndewekuti rimwe zuva tingasiya here chadenga chatinogara towana mamwe mapoka enyeredzi. Unofungei? Tiudze mukati mashoko!
Onawo
Neruzivo: nzvimbo l Monthly Notices dzeRoyal Astronomical Society, Vhoriyamu 538 l Iyo Independent UK l Times of India l Hype Science.
Ongororo yakaitwa na Jaime Ninece musi wa18/03/2025.
